Shushan Kuangren

Shushan Kuangren (疏山匡仁, fl. late 9th c. – early 10th c.) was a Dharma heir of Dongshan Liangjie and one of the Caodong-stream teachers active in the immediate post-Dongshan generation^[1]. He taught at Mount Shu in modern Jiangxi, and the *Jǐngdé Chuándēng Lù* preserves a number of his exchanges in the typical Dongshan-line style, including dialogues that would later be reused as koan material in the Song collections^[2]. Note that his given name *Kuangren* (匡仁, "Upright Humanity") is sometimes mistranslated as if it contained *kuáng* 狂 ("mad"); the popular "Madman of Mount Shu" tag is a confusion of the two characters and is not supported by the lamp records, which consistently spell his name with the *kuāng* 匡 graph^[3].